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Japan Internet Report No. 22 December 1997
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In this month's issue:
- Online shopping starting to take root
- Interview with Nelson Fung, Director of Technology,
Typhoon Inc.
- Industry briefs
- The darker side of electronic money
- Merry Christmas to 902
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Online shopping starting to take root
Online shopping is finally turning into real business, at least for what I like to call
"search-centric" products and services (hardware, software and accessories,
books, music CDs, and travel services).Sales from Japan consistently account for 10-20% of
worldwide sales among online merchants in most product categories, with 12-17% the most
common range. Dell Computer Japan, for example, recently sold nearly $400,000 worth of
merchandise in a single day (see Industry Briefs). That's about 13% of Dell's daily total
worldwide onlinesales of some $3 million.
Meanwhile, Japanese PC makers are for the most part missing the online sales boat, since
they can't bypass their traditionaldistribution relationships with dealers...
Consumer credit card giant JCB is now touting its forthcoming "J-Mall" online
shopping site (www.jcb.co.jp/j-mall/). I'm not all that crazy about Web sites whose
content consists primarily of advertisements and exhortations concerning a
"soon-to-be-unveiled" Web site, but JCB's is interesting in that they are doing
their darndest to convince consumers that it is now safe to use credit cards over the
Internet.
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Interview with Nelson Fung, Director of Technology, Typhoon Inc.
This month we enjoyed an e-mail interview with Nelson Fung, director of technology for
Tokyo-based Internet service provider Typhoon Inc.
- Your Tokyo-based ISP made front-page news in the Wall Street Journal when you sued a
U.S. company for making illicit use of your server to transmit bulk e-mail in the U.S.
Could you give JIR readers a brief overview of what happened and why you took action?
At the end of March 1997, a sales representative of a California-based paging company
accessed our SMTP gateway thousands of times to send unsolicited email (i.e.,
"spam") to America Online (AOL) users. These spammed email messages were
advertisements for the paging company's services.
In addition, the spammer used a bogus return address, that is, an email address with a
non-existent domain name, in order to avoid receiving bounced messages and complaints.
Shortly afterwards, we installed anti-spam filters on our SMTP gateways. (More information
on anti-spam filters can be found at:
http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/%7Eca/email/check.html) These anti-spam filters have the
following functions:
1) Stop unauthorized users from using our SMTP gateway to relay email. It would only allow
users from our own network to send email and it would only process email bound for our
users.
2) Refuse to process an email message if the sender's email address is from a non-existent
domain.
3) Block email messages from known spammers.
As major providers such as AOL had installed similar anti-spam filters, spammers had to
find new ways to get through to users at major ISPs. Though anti-spam filters can check if
the domain of the sender's address exists, presently there is no way for it to know if an
email address within a real domain is valid.
It wasn't long before the more advanced spammers found this loophole.
In late May 1997, the same sales representative of the same paging company used a bogus
Typhoon address as the sender's address, (e.g. 1234567@typhoon.co.jp) to spam AOL users.
As he could no longer use our SMTP gateway by this time, he used an "open" SMTP
gateway somewhere on the Internet to route spam to AOL.
With users leaving and joining AOL constantly, any list of AOL users' email addresses is
bound to get out-of-date almost instantly. As a result, a few thousand spam messages were
undeliverable and were "bounced" back to the non-existent user at Typhoon
"1234567@typhoon.co.jp" Consequently, all those bounced messages were forwarded
to our system administrator's mail box.
Furthermore, many AOL users were upset that a Typhoon "user" was sending them
SPAM. We received a number of angry complaints from AOL users, "warning" us to
stop our users from spamming.
Providing Internet access is a part of our core business. We also provide software
development services and Internet- and intranet-related consulting services to our
clients. However, we are a small firm and we simply cannot afford to devote our limited
human resources to dealing with all those bounced messages as well as writing to spammed
victims to explain the situation. Spammers were threatening our survival and we decided to
take action to protect ourselves.
Although a number of other spammers had abused our SMTP gateway to route spam before the
anti-spam filters were installed, we decided to take legal action against the said paging
company first because it was a repeat offender.
- The Wall Street Journal requested an interview with you, but you refused. What was your
concern?
First of all, I did not really refuse to give an interview.
Around the time when the lawsuit was filed, we were working on a few projects and had
deadlines to meet. As I did not want to spend any more time than necessary on the case, I
instructed our lawyer to deal with the press.
As a result, when WSJ interviewed my lawyer and asked if they may contact me directly, I
simply repeated that our lawyer was to handle all inquiries from the press. - What is
your goal with Typhoon and how would you like to contribute to the Internet world as it is
manifested in Japan today?
Our goal is to provide reasonably-priced and reliable services to our clients. This is
reflected in the rates we charge for Internet access as well as the solutions we present
to our corporate clients who retain our consulting services.
The Internet access rates we charge now were set when we first started to offer full
Internet access in November 1995. We probably had the low estrates then. Although we no
longer have the lowest rates, we believe our prices are reasonable because our fee of
JPY20,000/year for a PPP account with unlimited access is probably standard in Japan now.
With our reasonably-priced Internet-connectivity solutions and services, we hope we can
encourage more individual users and companies to get connected to the Internet and use it
to their benefit.
- What is your advice to ISPs and end users who wish to reduce the amount of spam they are
getting?
ISPs and corporations with an Internet connection should install anti-spam filters so that
their SMTP gateways cannot be used to relay spam.According to our log files, our system is
blocking a great number of spam from ISPs from around the world as well as major
corporations. (I have noticed that spammers have gained access to SMTP gateways at some
Fortune-500 companies to route SPAM.)
If more anti-spam filters are installed on SMTP gateways on the Internet, it would be much
harder for spammers to distribute spam.
As for individual users, they should report every spam incident to their system
administrator. For more information on what to do about spam, please visit:
http://spam.abuse.net/spam/
More information on Typhoon Inc. and press releases regarding the lawsuit,can be found by
following relevant links on our homepage:
Japanese: http://www.typhoon.co.jp/
English: http://www.typhoon.co.jp/indexe.html
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Industry briefs
Results in on electronic cash trials
SMART COMMERCE JAPAN (SCJ), a consortium led by VISA INTERNATIONAL, has compiled the
results of its two-month electronic money experiment in the Kobe area. Between October 1
and the end of November, SCJ distributed IC credit cards equipped with an electronic money
function to 20,990 users who were then able to make either e-cash or credit card purchases
at DAIEI Group supermarkets or at convenience stores, hotels and other retail outlets. The
volunteer participants made 10,162 electronic cash purchases worth 18,071,000 yen
($140,085),and 2,185 credit card purchases worth 16,746,000 yen ($129,814). The average
value of the electronic cash and credit card transactions were1,778 yen ($14) and 7,664yen
($59), respectively, clearly showing that electronic cash is preferred for small price
point purchases and creditcards for larger purchases, according to SCJ.
UC CARD trying to scoop JCB
Leading credit card firm UC CARD will expand the scope of its ongoing Internet shopping
experiment. The company started the experiment in summer 1996 with 10,000 volunteer
participants, but in December will open up the program to all 13 million of its
cardholders, who will be able to shop online at the company's 50-shop UC Mall on the
Internet. Japan's consumer credit card firms are planning to start commercial use of
online transaction settlement systems by summer 1998,but UC CARD hopes to get ahead start
by quickly making online transactions available on an experimental basis to its entirecard
holder base.
MASTERCARD to launch e-money experiment in Japan
MASTERCARD INTERNATIONAL of the U.S. will launch a full-fledged electronic money
experiment in Japan in 1998. Plans call for working with bank-affiliated card companies to
issue smart cards and install dedicated terminals at stores. The company expects shortly
to conclude negotiations with major card companies and get the experiment started next
year.
Consortium lead by DC CARD to start Internet-based credit card transaction services in
March
DC CARD, the consumer credit card firm of TOKYO MITSUBISHI BANK, has formed a consortium
with NTT DATA COMMUNICATIONS, IBM JAPAN and CYBERTRUST and plans in March of next year to
start offering Internet-based credit card settlement services using the SET 1.0 protocol.
The consortium will soon start forging links with virtual malls across Japan under a plan
to win approximately 60,000 consumer users and 200 online merchants the first year. DC
CARD is already involved in field trials whose participants are primarily employees of
MITSUBISHI Group companies.
More banks to join Internet field trials
Tokyo-based digital certificate issuing service JAPAN VERIFICATION SERVICES plans by April
1998 to increase to 30 the number of banks that are currently involved in Internet banking
field trials. The company currently is conducting field trials with SAKURA BANK, BANKOF
YOKOHAMA and 15 other regional banks, and plans shortly to issue digital certificates to a
number of city banks that plan to start in-house field trials soon. JAPAN VERIFICATION
SERVICES is building up its expertise in hopes of providing full-fledged commercial
services around 2000, when it expects electronic commerce applications to be in widespread
use.
COMPAQ to combine direct, indirect sales model on Web
COMPAQ (JAPAN) will on December 5 unveil Compaq Online Store, a Web-based mechanism for
selling PCs via the Internet. The new Website will house current retailers such as LAOX
and OTSUKA SHOKAI, who will take the actual orders. Users will be able to confirm pricing
and delivery time information online, according to COMPAQ. Amid the growing number of PC
manufacturers launching Internet sales, COMPAQ plans to maintain its indirect sales model
by having dealers take the orders.
Low-priced Internet PC to debut
JAPAN COMPUTER (JCC) will in December release a dedicated Internet PC. The iBOX1 is an
A4-size unit measuring 28x25x5cm and is available in two versions: one is powered by a
50MHz PowerPC403 and the other is based on a 66MHz PowerPC403. Though open-priced, the
Internet PC will likely be priced below 50,000 yen ($394). The company, which has shipped
about 70,000 Internet PCs since January 1996, plans to offer Internet content services
including free video programs and a news photo order service in order to boost Internet PC
sales to 150,000 units annually. Shipment is slated for December 15.
Listen to your e-mail?
KANSAI CELLULAR PHONE will on December 1 start soliciting up to 500 volunteer subscribers
for EV Mail, a new service that will let cellular phone users listen to e-mail messages
using their cellularhandsets. The new service, slated for full-fledged commercial startup
in February 1998, will alert message recipients of incoming mail via an ordinary ringing
tone on the handset, after which the sender's name and message's subject will be
displayed. The recipients will then call a center and follow an automated voice guidance
system to have the message read aloud. Confirmation of message receipt can also be
accomplish simply pressing "5" on the handsets after listening to the message,
according to KANSAI CELLULAR.
Long-overdue interexchange service starts
Tokyo-based JAPAN INTERNET EXCHANGE (JPIX), a consortium of 16 carriers and ISPs including
KDD, will on November 27 start offering Japan's first commercial Internet interexchange
service.The firm will offer 10Mbps, 100Mbps and 200Mbps services at monthly rates of
700,000 yen ($5,512), 1.2 million yen ($9,449) and 1.9 million yen ($14,961),
respectively. There have to date been only two network service provider interexchange
points in Japan, both operated by the WIDE Project, an academic organization, but soaring
Internet traffic has produced strong demand for a commercial service. JPIX is aiming for
first-year revenues of 100 million yen ($787,402).
NTT PC is top business ISP
NTT PC COMMUNICATIONS was ranked as the No. 1 Internet service provider for leased line
service in a survey conducted with 2,097 firms listed on stock exchanges in September by
NIKKEI BP. Ranked second was INTERNET INITIATIVE JAPAN (IIJ), followed by NTT. For dial-up
service, TOKYO INTERNET outperformed others. NTT and IIJ ranked second and third,
respectively.
AOL trying to turn up the heat
AOL JAPAN will on November 18 lower rates by nearly 80%. The company will introduce a
service whereby subscribers can use its on-line service for up to 50 hours per month for
4,800 yen ($38.40) and another service which charges 980 yen ($7.84) for up to three hours
monthly. The company will also introduce Mac software for its service November 21.
BIGLOBE to get bigger
NEC will beef up the content on its BIGLOBE Internet connectivity/commercial online
service in a bid to win new subscribers. The company plans by April 1998 to add at least a
dozen new lines of content that it hopes will appeal to a broader range of age groups and
help build community among BIGLOBE users. The company will work particularly hard to win
new women subscribers, who currently account for only a small percentage of all users. NEC
also plans to boost beginner-oriented content and services to accommodate the rapidly
growing number of new users. BIGLOBE had more than 2.44 million subscribers as of the end
of September, according to NEC.
Real estate to be offered online
The Ministry of Finance, the National Land Agency and four other government agencies and
ministries have decided to create an electronic real estate market on the Internet in 1998
to spur liquidity in the market. The project will provide information on the location,
price and other details of properties for sale in Tokyo and Osaka. The information will
also be available through terminals placed in banks and other places. The properties to be
showcased will include idle plots owned by private companies and collateralized properties
owned by financial institutions and housing lenders. A commission will be formed in
December to work out the details of the project.
WEBTV staffing up in Japan
WEBTV NETWORKS (JAPAN) plans by spring 1998 to double its staff to approximately 60. The
company will add marketing, technical support and other personnel to beef up its
organization under a drive to achieve its three-year goal of one million household
subscriptions to its simplified television-based Internet access service. The company, a
wholly owned subsidiary of WEBTV NETWORKS of Palo Alto, California, plans to start
full-scale commercial services in December. SONY has already started selling a set-top box
to support the service, and a number of other consumer electronics and communications
equipment manufacturers plan releases of compatible set-top boxes next year.
DELL COMPUTER sets single day record for Internet sales
Kawasaki-based DELL COMPUTER (JAPAN) disclosed November 26 that it set a single day record
for Internet-based sales of more than 50 million yen ($393,701). The company started
selling its computers over the Internet at the end of March 1997, and sales have been
growing rapidly, particularly from experienced users buying their second PCs and from SOHO
customers. A DELL spokesman said that Internet buyers purchase higher-priced systems on
average compared to those that use the telephone to order. Worldwide, DELL COMPUTER is
selling $3 million worth of merchandise daily via theInternet, according to the spokesman.
Another online book service
The Tokyo-based Kanda Association of Used Bookstores will on November 6 start offering a
free, membership-based service whereby used book inventories can be checked online. The
140-member association is receiving support for the new service from the New Media
Development Association, a MITI affiliate. Initially members will send e-mail to the
association to check on availability of books, but next spring the group hopes to offer
online transaction and immediate mailing services as well. The association says new
service will offer researchers and others the ability to search from the comfort of their
homes for technical and foreign books that are not widely distributed in Japan.
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The darker side of electronic money
A lot of Japanese firms, particularly NTT, seem to be enthralled with the concept of
electronic money. E-cash certainly provides convenience and utility, but there's a darker
side to it that is almost never mentioned in the Japanese press.
With electronic money, you can be instantly located anytime you make a purchase anywhere
in the world. Not only that, but an electronic record of all your purchases can be made,
analyzed, bought and sold and otherwise exploited.
This already happens when you buy merchandise at a grocery store that is making use of a
POS system, but if you think about it, e-money is essentially a homing device that tracks
your position in real time at the point of purchase, in addition to creating the purchase
record.
Any government agency, for example, could instantly find you, simply by noticing that you
are now buying a train ticket at Shinjuku station, or a six-pack at Star Market in
Honolulu. To me, its a very short step from electronic money to simple and comprehensive
government and/or corporate monitoring and surveillance of citizenry. Maybe I'm getting
old, but it seems like a giant step backward for civilization to me...
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Merry Christmas to 902
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to all JIR subscribers. We wish you the greatest
happiness and success and 1998!
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Tim Clark
Editor
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Copyright 1997 by TKAI and Digitized Information, Inc. All rights reserved
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